Which treaty is associated with the end of World War I and harsh penalties on Germany?

• A. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
• B. Treaty of Versailles
• C. Treaty of Paris
• D. Treaty of Ghent

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is understanding which treaty officially ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany. The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, did just that. It formally ended the war and laid out severe terms for Germany, including substantial reparations, strict military restrictions, and significant territorial losses, along with the War Guilt Clause that blamed Germany for the conflict. It also established the League of Nations as a framework to prevent future wars.

Other treaties mentioned don’t fit this situation. A peace agreement with Russia ended its participation in the war but didn’t end World War I or impose the same penalties on Germany. The Treaty of Paris and the Treaty of Ghent pertain to conflicts from earlier centuries and not to the post–World War I settlement.