Which term describes a form of federalism where different provinces may have different degrees of power?

• A. Unitary system
• B. Symmetrical federalism
• C. Asymmetrical federalism
• D. Confederalism

Answer: (C)

Asymmetrical federalism describes a federation in which subunits, like provinces, do not share the same level of authority across all areas. Some provinces may have broader powers in certain policy areas—such as resource management, education, or language rights—while others have less. This makes the distribution of power uneven by region, reflecting historical agreements, regional demands, and constitutional flexibility. It contrasts with a symmetrical federalism, where provinces would have similar powers in the same domains, and with a unitary system, where central government holds most of the power. It also differs from confederalism, where the central authority is weaker and subunits exercise most of the sovereignty themselves. Therefore, the term that fits the description is asymmetrical federalism.