A period of rapid change experienced in Québec from 1960 to 1966 is known as which?

• A. Industrial Revolution
• B. Digital Revolution
• C. Quiet Revolution
• D. Canadian Confederation

Answer: (C)

The main idea being tested is identifying a specific historical period in Québec known for rapid modernization in the 1960s. This era is called the Quiet Revolution.

During the early 1960s, Québec underwent sweeping reforms led by Jean Lesage’s Liberal government. The state moved to modernize society by reducing the Catholic Church’s influence over education and public life, expanding secular public education, and building a broader welfare state. A centerpiece was the nationalization of the electricity industry, creating Hydro-Québec as a publicly owned utility, which symbolized a shift of power from religious and traditional authorities to a modern, state-led administration. These changes fostered greater Québecois nationalism and a push toward modernization and self-direction, all accomplished largely through political reforms and social programs rather than violence—hence “quiet.”

The other options don’t fit this specific historical moment. The Industrial Revolution refers to centuries earlier and worldwide industrial change. The Digital Revolution points to late 20th-century technological shifts. Canadian Confederation refers to the 1867 founding of Canada.